Q&A
1. What happens to the work done when a jar a of orange juice is vigorously shaken?
The work goes primarily into increasing the temperature of the orange juice, by increasing the average kinetic energy of the molecules comprising the orange juice.
2. When a hot object warms a cooler object, does temperature flow between them? Are the temperature changes of the two object equal?
When a hot object warms a cooler object, energy is transferred from the hot object to the cold object. Temperature does NOT flow. The temperature changes of the two objects are not necessarily equal in magnitude. Under certain circumstances, they can be equal in magnitude, however. In an ideal case, the amount of heat lost by the warmer object is the same as the amount of heat gained by the cooler object
3. If two objects of different temperatures are placed in contact, will heat naturally flow from the object with higher internal energy to the object with lower internal?
Internal energy depends on both the number of molecules of material and the temperature of the material. Heat will flow naturally from the object with the higher temperature to the object with the lower temperature. The object with the high temperature may or may not be the object with the higher internal energy.
4. Is it possible for heat to flow even if the internal energies of the two objects are the same? Explain.
The two objects may consist of one with a higher temperature and smaller number of molecules, and the other with a lower temperature and a larger number of molecules. In that case it is possible for both objects to have the same internal energy, but heat will still flow from the object with the higher temperature to the one with the lower temperature.